Hi friends! I got diagnosed after a severe initial episode that landed me hospitalized 3 months postpartum after my first kid. The doctors explained postpartum is a hotspot for disease progression/relapses. I was terrified to have any more kids. Fast forward several years later, I am now 6 months postpartum with my second baby about to go for another infusion and so far no signs at all of flares or relapses despite being postpartum and very stressed with no sleep and 2 kids. Just leaving this here for any worried mamas to give a little hope that you can do hard things and they may just turn out better than you expect :)))

I’ve been dealing with unbearable pain in my upper arms, (around the triceps) for years, and no doctor has been able to properly identify the cause.

I was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis when I was younger and i am taking cladribine to keep it stable. A few years ago, I felt crushing pain in my arms that lasted for a weeks to a month before eventually going away on its own. In late 2024, the pain returned, stronger than ever. Since then, I’ve been experiencing it almost every night. some times, I even wake up with the pain, and it can last all day.

I ask my neurologist about this many times. he is also an MS patient and told me that he sometimes gets this pan and he couldnt figure out what it was or what is causing it. My MRI scans and xray did not show anything.

Mid 2025 I wanted to take another nuerologist opinion, she told me that the MS could be interfering with the brain signals she explained that the brain is picking up signals that there is pain in that area where in reality there is nothing and ultimately causing this pain. she recommended i try cymbalta which i have tried for a month but unfortunately did not help.

i am still dealing with this awful pain and nothing seems to be helping, i am taking baclofen and muscadol almost every single night but non of them help. has anyone experienced something similar or has any idea what is the cause of this pain and how can it be treated? id really appreciate any advice.

I was diagnosed with cervical myelitis and RRMS a few months. I had mobility problems affecting my right leg for nearly 3 years before they discovered what was wrong. I started neurophysiotherapy a few months ago and was told that I had been walking these past few years with my right leg and foot turned inwards (I hadn't even noticed). Neurophysio has helped this and I now have better foot placement and better stamina.

But I still have a lot of right leg, hip and thigh pain and lower back pain and stiffness. I also still walk very slowly and need to use a stick outside.

I was wondering whether anyone else has this. A lot of the pain feels mechanocal and I wonder if 3 years with a "funny walk" has caused a lot of this pain.

Thanks for reading. I know I have posted here before with variations on the same theme - my right leg.

Well, after 15 months of symptoms never going away, developing new symptoms, and getting worse… I was finally told today that I have primary progressive MS. I went to a new MS specialist for a 2nd opinion because I kept getting worse with no answers as to why. He found new lesions in my brain stem despite being on Kesimpta for 8 months. He was an amazing doctor and I’m so happy I decided to get another opinion. I already have trouble walking/standing for more than a few minutes, bowel incontinence, spasticity and stiffness, weakness, muscle fasciculations, and numbness/tingling, which all progressively worsened this year. He did order an EMG to rule out ALS because he said he’s seen a few cases where patients presented very similar to me, but ended up having ALS (despite also having a few lesions). He said he’s not really that concerned about ALS, but he would like to rule it out just in case. They also are having me do 5 days of IV steroids to see if it helps or if we can get me to a baseline.

I’m 25 years old and in my last year of medical school. I’m supposed to start residency next year. This is not what was supposed to happen. I’m scared and unsure of what my future holds now. How fast will I progress?? How disabled will I become?? These are questions I know no one has the answer to. I will progress and I will become disabled, but we don’t know how bad or when it will happen.

If anyone with PPMS wants to share their story or let me know how they are doing, I’d love to hear from you. How are you managing this disease mentally and physically? What did progression look like for you guys? What medications do you guys take for MS and for symptom management? Any advice would be appreciated because I truly don’t know what to expect.

Hi there! I have been recently diagnosed with MS this year around August but i always felt like something was off since 2024… i think this year was like the biggest 360 shift on my life… i am still trying to adjust and adapt… how are you all doing? What advice can you give to a fellow MS warrior? How to cope with tough days?

Hello,

Background info: 1st relapse and MRI scans Aug'25; Diagnosis, repeat MRI scans and first neuro appointment Oct '25; Treatment started Jan '26; Baseline MRI for treatment Aug '26; Annual neuro review appointment Oct '26.

I had my annual review appointment with my neurologist this week. I am under the care of The Walton Neurology Centre - a neuroscience hospital and research centre in Liverpool, UK. I don't have any complaints about my care (nice neurologist and nurses) but I have been quite shocked by what I was told this week. This first appointment in 12 months with the neurologist lasted 15 minutes and I was told that going forward: There will be no monitoring bloodwork while taking Kesimpta; no annual MRIs; and no annual neurologist review appointments. I will just have access to the MS nurses when needed.

I am not particularly impressed with this and feel it's purely a financial decision by the hospital. Therefore, I am going to call the MS nurse line soon and share my concerns.

I would like to know: if anyone else in the UK/elsewhere has been told anything similar and if not, please let me know what you do receive in terms of care from your team, as I would like to support my concerns with examples of what other trusts are providing.

MS is a serious neurological condition and I don't believe I should be 'left to it'.

Thank you ❤️

Has this happened to anyone before? My left leg feels heavier and has this strange feeling like it doesn’t want to move. I have been diagnosed 3 years now and my left leg feels detached. I tried running for the first time in a long time and the sensation that ran up my leg to my brain was terrifying.
I don’t want to think about not being able to walk one day. I’m trying to work through it but it doesn’t go away like it did when I first noticed it.

Any suggestions?

My partner and husband was diagnosed with Ms 2years ago. He also is type 1 diabetic. So some of the early symptoms years before could appear as low BM. I feel so ashamed that I did not pick this up sooner.
I will say though the NHS listened to me and did more tests that resulted in the diagnosis.
He went from collapsing on the floor to walking with a week of steroids.
Am I an absolute a hole?
What can I do to help him?

Hi fellow MS friends,

I (33) have been diagnosed with MS a year ago and have been frozen ever since.

A bit of background, after a few years in corporate, I moved to Australia in the hope of settling in permanently and was getting my ducks in a row. I was in grad school and was slowly building a professional/social network.

Then the MS train hit and suffice to say..many ducks were injured in the process 🥲. I had invested most of my savings to move to Australia and have been out of work for over 2 years.

After two relapses within 5 months, it was official. However, as a student on a visa my health insurance could only cover my hospital stays whereas treatement was virtually impossible.

My doctor and I agreed I'd fly back home and try to start a DMT in parallel preferably Ocrevus as it'd be a 6 months injection (and it seemed doable at the time).

I did just that and my trip home was unsuccessful as the bureaucracy and periodic shortages of medication meant it wasn't a viable plan.

I have now graduated and have been actively looking for a job but I feel that it's a futile effort:

1. Australia is notoriously known for rejecting permanent residency for people with chronic conditions.

2. My new health insurance has a 12 month chronic condition clause so I still have about 6 months without real coverage (in case of a relapse)

3. It's been a year of my diagnosis and I haven't started any treatment. I feel like I'm playing with fire (I have mild symptoms here and there, fatigue has been the biggest constant)

I genuinely feel stuck!! I've been trying to get work in other countries with universal health care mainly Ireland/UK/Netherlands but visa sponsorship is really difficult now.

What else can I do??

Hi all

Just had my follow up MRI and showing active inflammation and my neuro wants me to switch to Ocrevus from Kesimpta and do a round of pulse steroids

I am okay changing medication but I'm not sure whether to do the steroids...my symptoms are extreme fatigue, creepy crawlies on my solar plexus and running down my left side which keeps me awake sometimes and been pretty irritable lately but not sure if it's worth doing a round of steroids for 🫠 they fucked me up before

Anyway what are people's views and opinions? Need to make my decision today

Has anybody tried a "vitamin B-complex supplement" for potential "remylenation," and, if so, what have been your results so far? Specifically B9 and B12.

I'm interested in talking to my MS Specialist at the Cleveland Clinic Mellen Center about if she approves it.

My best friend of 25 years (F39) was very recently diagnosed with MS. She has a supportive husband and two young daughters (8 and 11). Is there ANYTHING I can do for her outside of emotional support and offering to care for her daughters? We’re so close we both consider her kids my nieces. We are family. I try my best to offer to look after the girls when I can and help out. But can I do more? Can you offer any other tips that would help me help her?

First time posting, I am writing this for my wife because we are at what seems to be a dead end. Her symptoms started last year, she was very fatigued and thought she was going through menopause and didn’t know any better. She scheduled an MRI but her appointment made us wait three months. I made her go to the emergency room for some immediate answers because she was having difficulty walking. They did an MRI, lumber puncture gave her the five days of high dose. Steroid told her she had multiple sclerosis. We found a neurologist who immediately put her on Kesimpta. After five months of continual decline, we decided to seek out an MS specialist. On our first visit she was sent for a follow up MRI. As soon as the MRI results became available I was told to rush her to the emergency room because she could have what look to be life-threatening PML. The radiologist notes stated to test her for other demoting disease diseases that mimic multiple sclerosis, such as vasculitis . They immediately did another lumber puncture send the results to a specialty lab across the country. Told us it would be 6 to 10 days for the results. In the meantime, they gave her another five days of Solu-Medrol steroid. (Failed treatment ) Luckily the results came back negative. They gave her four days of IVIG treatment and sent her to an impatient rehab facility. She spent 21 days in a rehab for a total of 41 days in the hospital. She can barely walk five steps. Her poor feet are dragging on the floor. She is almost completely bound to a wheelchair. Upon her release from the hospital, she was sent for another MRI and told to see her neurologist immediately thereafter. After 45 days, there were new lesions and basically a wildfire going on in her brain that the doctor said needs to be put out. while we were excited to look forward to some answers we left the doctors office feeling more helpless than we have ever felt. The neurologist gave my wife an option for her next DMT because he wasn’t sure how to treat her. Her symptoms are showing PPMS no doubt she is progressively getting worse rapidly. He said normally Ocrevus would be the next drug, but since she showed no improvement with kesimpta he doesn’t wanna waste time with Ocrevus. He suggested mavenclad, Lemtrada or Tysabri. I told him he was the professional, and we have absolutely no idea which one would be the right choice for her. I asked him if he was in the situation which would he choose and he picked Tysabri. She is going tomorrow for blood work to rule out vasculitis before she starts DMT Tysabri.

If anyone has any experience close to this because I know everyone’s experience is different we are looking for any answers we can find. My prayers are with each and every one of you who are suffering from this debilitating disease. Thank you for your time.

Writing this while feeling so hopeless ! My loved one is currently incarcerated and they took him to the hospital on September 25th and we have yet to
Hear from him. He has MS for 10+ years now. PCP office called and told us if he was in jail because he received a call asking for medical records for an incarcerated patient of his. Pcp office only said it’s due to MS. We have yet to hear from him. I contacted the director of corrections for that county and she had someone call and explain that he was in hospital and was going to rehab for 1 week. No more info was provided and I just been told he’s still in the hospital . I’m so scared , how bad is this relapse that he has been there for weeks ? Has anyone been in the hospital for weeks for a relapse ?

Wow was just blocked from the Facebook group did ocrevus fail you. After I left my first post. I shared my raw truth with no loyalty to a company. Iv had ms since ‘08 and felt I had something to share being as I’m on ocrevus myself. I couldn’t find the group which was strange since I had been quietly reading everything for 6 months but realized I was blocked after going into a text message with my mother yesterday where I sent her that group link to Check out and consider. When I clicked the link I realized i was banned. They got me out of there within 30 minutes before my comment ever got approved or posted so here I am. I want to share this and I hope someone who is in that group gets to read this and just know that group is determining what information is available to you, how scary is that. This was my comment it took my a while to write, it wasn’t easy, I felt I was being powerful yes but deeply logical and fair I even stated I agree with them in principle. Here is the comment I left on that Facebook group did ocrevus fail you.

I’d like to introduce myself. I’ve read most of everyone’s posts and comments, and I’d like to interact with you all—and just to be clear, I’m not looking to fight. Where do I even start? Honestly, my head has been spinning since I found this group, but I guess I’d like to share my story.
I was diagnosed the week of my 16th birthday. My very first MRI showed 10 brain lesions, so I’ve had this disease since I was young. I became a pediatric patient at UCSF, and during my first appointment there, they immediately discussed medications. I turned everything down. Because of my age, I could see the doctors' frustration and worry. Even then, my parents and doctors let me make my own decisions. Regardless of their pressure, I was never going to crack and give in, and I think they knew it.
At 21, I lost vision in both eyes and was basically blind for two years. As you can imagine, this was terrifying. It scared me enough to finally give a medication called Copaxone a shot (no pun intended). Copaxone was not easy to take—it was a self-administered injection three times a week that I had to keep cold in the fridge. As hard as it was, I took it exactly as directed for a year, until one random night I had a severe allergic reaction and nearly died. I had to stop immediately. I was so angry when they next recommended a pill called Tecfidera. Tecfidera was so incredibly hard on my body that it actually made me miss thawing out syringes and injecting myself every other day.
By the time I was 25, I was completely off medications and going against the advice of every doctor I met. I told myself I wasn't going to take their "poisonous shit." Instead, I decided I would go the natural route: eat well, sleep well, take my vitamins, and exercise. I started finding social media influencers who claimed to have MS but were doing amazingly well—while simultaneously trying to sell me their books or charging me to join their seminars for advice. I kept telling myself that MS is different for everyone, that it was going to be different for me, and that it would all be okay. And for the most part, it was okay during that time.
Until it wasn't.
At 30 years old, I developed a lesion on my spinal cord. Now, four years later, I am hardly walking and dealing with an insane, 24/7, 365 "MS hug" that offers absolutely no relief, no matter what I do or take. For a couple of years now, I have been living in pure torture. It’s that exact moment when the shit hits the fan—when you really go down and don’t get back up—that you are left thinking, *Did I make a bad decision? If I had taken medication, would this not have happened?*Living with that "what if" makes me lose sleep.
After taking a hard look at myself and realizing the reality of my situation, all the negative feelings I previously had toward medications went completely out the window. I was once someone who went blind from MS and still told people not to take a Disease-Modifying Therapy. But this last attack made me realize I absolutely, 100 percent have to use any tool available to slow this down. Even if it hurts me, yes. MS backed me into a wall so badly that I’m no longer worried about infections or even death.
After fighting medications since 2008, I made a well-informed decision to start Ocrevus. I’ve taken eight doses so far, and it’s been so far, so good. For me, it requires giving up eight hours a year; I walk in and walk out, and I don't even feel like I took anything—they might as well be dripping saline. Even though I haven't had an attack since starting it, do I deeply believe in it? No, not really. Am I scared? Yeah. Do I trust a pharmaceutical company? Hell no. But I thoroughly understand the situation I don't want to be in and cannot be in, and I am willing to take any chance needed to avoid that outcome. I can’t be sitting in a diaper asking someone for a sip of water at 34 years old. And if that day does come, I know that after 15 years of fighting, I can at least say, "Well damn, I tried everything I possibly could."
Will this post age poorly? I hope not. I just wanted to share my perspective because I see some people in this group shouting, "Poison, poison, get off it immediately!" Please consider people like me who basically agree with you in principle, but desperately need to give something a shot. We might have already tried the natural route, and it only bought us a few brief years of happiness. Some people’s MS will disable them regardless of medications or lifestyle choices; at the same time, some people's won't, and maybe you are taking a medication you never even needed. Everyone is different, so please consider your own unique situation.

I’m starting to accept that a mobility aid (a cane) may be in my near future. I’m looking for one that is either extremely inconspicuous or really bitching. I am a 29F with a two year old and another on the way so I would like for it to either blend in as much as possible OR be so cool that my toddler doesn’t know it’s abnormal for mama to have a cane at such a young age. Please help!!

Does anyone else wake up extremely stiff and painful? I would describe it as feeling like a 90 year old after a car crash is how my body feels.

Specifically the muscles down my spine, neck and traps. After a stretch and movement it usually resolves. I’m wondering if this is just a normal MS thing or I should be looking into other things.

Would love and appreciate your advice.

Checking to see how often those who have Gastro issues have flares and what are they symptoms. My symptoms are lower abdominal cramping (sometimes all over abdominal), recently excessive gas, rectal spasms ( not unbearable), loss of appetite that comes and goes, bowel movements that goes from firm or constipation to loose and soft, excessive throat clearing and sometimes nausea. I experience it a lot and at times i use the bathroom two or three times a day when I’m normally constipated.

Diagnosed back in February at 45 (f), lost feeling on my left side from face to foot, spent ages on steroids which took a huge psychological toll on me unfortunately but ive since recovered from a lot of that.
I’ve regained pretty much all physical functions but i still have extreme tightness around my head and pins and needles on the left half of my face and hand.
Its been 8 months.
Is it silly to hope that these things go away or chill out even though its been so long already? I started kesimpta three months ago but im not on anything else.

Dont get me wrong i am VERY grateful for what i have recovered and am fully aware that it could be worse but im still just scared and sad and ultimately incredibly uncomfortable in my body.

I was diagnosed with a biggish lesion on my pons/brain stem, 5-6 small ones scattered on other parts of my brain (neuro didnt seem concerned about these) and a tiny one on my cervical spine and tiny on on my thoracic spine.
I often read about how its not the number of lesions its the location but i don’t even know what that means to be honest. Are my locations ‘bad’?

I want so badly for life to get back to some semblance of normal and to know if these symptoms have any hope of subsiding still.
And also i guess i wonder how we are meant to not live in fear of progression.

Sorry i know this is so long but really needed to let it out today

Thanks so much

I hate that this is my experience. I've been diagnosed with MS for almost four years and I know that my first few years with MS were pretty extraordinary.

Within 9 months of starting immunotherapy (Rituximab) my body started shutting down. Of course my female neurologist did not take me seriously and at the second trip to the ER they found a lump in my mediastinum, below my right breast. I was losing the ability to walk and I was terrified because breathing became difficult. Turns out I had a cystic lymphangioma of the thymus gland and required a full thymectomy. It was done with a robot and was minimally invasive. It took me about a year to start feeling normal again and mentally I'm still messed up because of how rare the issue was and how little support I received after.

At the time of my diagnosis I had just finished grad school (I went back in my 30s) and was working my dream job. My mother had died of Lewy Body Dementia a few years earlier at 72, and the family I have left I realized would have accelerated my disease and I stopped contact after my surgery. They didn't check in after.

I'd been with my partner for 5 years at the time of my diagnosis and I knew who he was and who he still is. He had been by my side during my mom's brutal death, COVID, and my older sister losing her baby in the NICU after 20 days. I was there with her. She sent me donuts when I was diagnosed.

I spent those 5 years getting to know his family and spending holidays, weekends and fun events together. A month after my surgery was the first time my partner left for a month. I couldn't really walk and we lived in a split level house. Over the next year he left two more times for a month. I reached out to his family and they said they couldn't get involved. I haven't spoken with them for years.

I know he is very emotionally immature but that doesn't excuse the avoidance abuse that I've been experiencing for years. I need to leave this relationship but he's been taking care of me because I haven't been working for two years.

I've been denied for disability twice and was not in the mental or physical place to get a lawyer but I know I need to push past that to get out of here.

I've spent years going to therapy, support groups and the like, but I haven't been honest about how f'd up my situation is because my life has already been hard enough.

I'm writing this asking for advice, whatever other people with MS have heard, done, seen when people are stuck in this situation. Im not sure what I'm going to do but I know keeping it in my head is overwhelming. My new neurologist is aware of what's going on and agrees I can't manage my symptoms like this but offered no help - not sure if she's supposed to.

I'm currently taking meds for MS and have had no new lesions or lesion activity since the surgery.

Also we have no kids, just a dog that is the love of my life.

I know I can handle this, I just feel dead on the inside.

For me, writing works therapeutically; it brings me to the deeply hidden emotions I experience but barely take the time to feel. This weekend I'm home alone and took the time to write. It may not bring joy, but it brings relief, and I think that’s exactly the headspace needed to experience joy again.

Maybe it helps to read, for me it helps to share :)
________

One year on. A new baseline has been set. I adapt to my possibilities, but with each passing day, I become more aware of the impossibilities.

At first, I was terrified of losing you -secretly, I still am sometimes. But do you know what terrifies me most of all? That I have lost a bit of myself.

I feel guilty when I eat poorly or don't move enough. I feel uncomfortable the moments I hit my limit: standing or walking for long periods, or simply getting exhausted from the sheer excitement of doing something. When I hold a drill, at a certain point, I can no longer press the button. And apparently, my grip gives out after sanding for a while, too.

I want to be able to run as fast as I can, dance without a care in the world, walk for miles in high heels. And I don't care that running always hurt my hip, that I wasn't particularly good at dancing, or that -as my sister put it- I 'walk like a horse in heels'.

I want to be able to consciously say 'no' to the things that have been taken from me now. I want to choose for myself, rather than having my body decide for me.

Hola buenas tardes soy nueva en esta app y la verdad me gustaría poder hablar de esta enfermedad ya que yo la tengo, y en el proceso me han diagnosticado principios de depresión y ansiedad.

He notado que mucha gente no tolera a una persona con variables de síntomas o dolencias y es comprensible, a mí me pasó cuando mi cuerpo comenzó a dar signos de esclerosis múltiple, la vrdd es una enfermedad que no le deseo a nadie por qué son unos dolores horribles en los huesos, y lastimosamente no se puede tomar ningún medicamento porque puede contrarrestar con el tratamiento de esclerosis.

Cómo lo mencioné la esclerosis en conjunto con la depresión y la ansiedad es algo mas horrible, por qué simplemente con la esclerosis no se puede uno estresar y pues agregándole estás dos más es una tortura. El porque digo que es una tortura por qué hay días en los cuales te levantas sin ánimo de nada y de repente te da un episodio de la esclerosis o te sientes más cansado de lo acostumbrado y eso provoca una desesperación.

Today, I had my first… incident… let’s say, of dropping something since my diagnosis that wasn’t just an obvious ‘clumsiness’.
I was about to make lunch and grabbed a plate from the dish rack at the sink, then turned and reached out to the right to sit the plate on the worktop, and before it reached the worktop it was like my brain said okay that’s a good place to let go of that plate, and it of course dropped to the floor and smashed into a hundred pieces.

My partner came through to check I was okay and started to clear it all up, he asked if it slipped off the edge and I just burst out crying 😢 trying to explain no, I just let it go before it was actually on the worktop.

I know that dropping things can be common in MS with things like numbness, sensory loss, tremors, weakness, etc. But have many of you experienced something like this where it feels more like a decision your brain made? I don’t know if that’s the right way to explain it!

I’m still feeling pretty upset about it. I think it’s the feeling of not being in control that’s upset me, and the confusion of why did I do that.

I hope you’re all doing okay 🩵

If you have neuropathy in your legs/hands, like I do, I fully endorse "self–heating gloves and socks!

Before my MS symptoms, I had hot hands and feet!

Now, my hands are always cold!

Hi everyone! I’m hoping to hear from others with MS who have experienced something similar to my husband, Ray, and to get advice on how I can support him. He turns 35 in two weeks.

About two years ago, Ray developed severe eye pain while working on wildfire relief. He initially thought it was smoke irritation, so he delayed seeking care. After visiting urgent care, an eye doctor, and his primary doctor, he was eventually sent to the ER. MRIs revealed white matter lesions consistent with MS, and he was hospitalized for three days for severe optic neuritis and treated with high-dose steroids.

He’s now on Kesimpta, and thankfully, his MRIs have remained stable with no new or progressing lesions. However, he continues to experience recurring eye/optic nerve pain and brain fog, which have affected his mood and quality of life.

We’ve discussed the pain repeatedly with both his neurologist and ophthalmologist, but we’re told he shouldn’t still be experiencing it because there is no active optic neuritis and his disease is stable. His ophthalmologist has noted optic nerve atrophy, likely related to the delayed treatment, but we still haven’t received much guidance about the ongoing pain or how to manage it. Ray feels that his doctors don’t believe him, and I worry that his symptoms are being dismissed because there’s no visible inflammation.

For those who have experienced optic neuritis or similar symptoms:

Have you had ongoing eye or optic nerve pain despite no active optic neuritis or new MRI activity?
Have you experienced chronic pain, brain fog, or other lingering symptoms despite stable MRIs?
What treatments or types of specialists have helped?

I’d also appreciate advice from partners or anyone who has advocated for themselves with doctors.

I attend some of Ray’s appointments but usually let him speak for himself because I don’t want to overstep. However, he finds it difficult to advocate for himself at times, especially when facing a medical team whose doctors are highly regarded for their top-tier care and knowledge surrounding MS. When he repeatedly reports pain but is told he shouldn’t be experiencing it, I’m unsure when I should step in, request more answers, or seek a second opinion. I feel like we just go round and round with the doctors, and nothing ever changes. Is he just meant to suffer now that he has this disease?😭

How do you balance supporting a loved one while respecting their independence? At what point is it appropriate to push for further evaluation when symptoms are affecting daily life but aren’t being adequately addressed?

I love my husband and hate seeing him deal with this without much help or direction. I want to support him without making him feel powerless or as though he has to accept ongoing pain without answers.

I’d be grateful for your experiences and advice. I know this is a very long post so thank you to everyone who took the time to read it to the end and offered suggestions❤️