Has anyone else here heard that argument and become upset? Like it just gives them a pass, like āoh itās just because they were hurtingā.
Itās not true. Itās an evasive, flawed way to escape reality- but why do people propagate it? It implies everyone who is kind and compassionate is just so because they were in the right environment.
But thatās wrong.
Trauma can exist without future cruelty. Thousands of children grow up in traumatic, abusive environments, whether at home or at school, and do not abuse or inflict deliberate pain on other children.
In science, if there is variance in behaviour when candidates are exposed to a single variable, then that variable is not causing all the variance.Ā
Itās their choice.Ā
I was bullied as a kid like so many kids here.
I am autistic myself and was born EPT (25 weeks gestation)
I am an adult now but the truth is it still really scares me thinking of it even now, at 22. Even as an adult, it still really hurts me.
I understand there are many also here who went through what I went through. Frankly I am angry, angry at the societal narrative that it is just ātheir traumaā and it is this narrative, that for those here who are also upset, I would like to tear down, because it is factually wrong, misleading, incorrect, invalidating and out of sync with what actual science says.
You know how there are really awesome kind people? There are people on the other end of that spectrum too, people who I have encountered.
Iām at university now, doing optometry.
When I was in year 7, I went through around a year of this, at Lea Manor High School, a well known school in Luton. I went through it after too, in secondary school.
In year 7 alone:
I was put up against a wall and punched 30 times in the stomach by people who stood around laughing at me, taking photos with the abuser. I was really scared, I remember it, I remember asking them to stop, and they didnāt stop, they kept on going.
I remember being slapped by this boy in sports, for no reason whatsoever, other than āI can do whatever I want to youā.
I remember how he would hit me whenever he felt like it and said he would do it more if I told anyone.
I remember once I was in year 7, and I glanced around my English class just to see who else was in the class.
Someone else in the class didnāt like that, so after, and I still remember how badly it hurt, they followed me out the class and didnāt let me go to the next class. Instead, they cornered me and hit me really badly in the lower stomach and also hit my head against a brick wall several times. I still remember how badly it hurt, even now, typing this.
For people to excuse that as āoh it was just their unresolved traumaā is just not factual.
Itās not just trauma. So many kids are traumatised, I was traumatised and I donāt do that to kids.
So many of you also were bullied and yet didnāt do that.
The science does not support that either. Science says that people who are inherently bad - yes- they do exist, and they exist without trauma needing to be there as a causative agent.
Science says psychopathy and sadism can exist without there to be a traumatic background.
Yes, people can just be cruel and like being cruel.
This is scientifically fact and kids should be taught it from a young age, because this fact defends victims of bullying like so many of ourselves and doesnāt give them an excuse of āIām brokenā to hang onto.
Facts like these- kids should know, and kids should be taught them like they are taught photosynthesis at school- because knowing the facts about how they are not just broken people will help so many abused, bullied people like us.
What does the science show? I will break down the science here.
The science is extremely clear.
Most bullies (defined as pure bullies in the academic literature) activelyĀ enjoyĀ hurting others and most of the aetiology of bullying is not merely trauma, but due to underlying psychopathy and sadism. Science explains that there exists, for bullies, rewards in what they do, hence why they do it.
Most bullies do what they do not out of trauma, but out of power enjoyment:Ā
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10112998/
"A prominent goal is the accrual of dominance and power... Olweus argued that the bully has more power than the person being victimized, which makes it difficult for victims to defend themselves." āĀ Bullying and the Abuse of PowerĀ [1]
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5617882/
"Youth scoring high on psychopathic traits may be especially prone to use bullying as an instrument to acquire dominance and popularity." āĀ Are Youth Psychopathic Traits Related to Bullying? Meta-AnalysisĀ [1]
"Intentionally harming others (i.e., aggression) in the context of a power imbalance is an essential element of many definitions of bullying... some researchers also consider these elements to be essential characteristics of sadism; in fact, it has been argued that sadistic aggression often involves a power imbalance between the (dominating) sadistic person and the (dominated) victim." āĀ On the relation of boredom and sadism in schoolsĀ [1]
"Our study is the first to demonstrate that bullying behaviour activates a primary brain reward circuit that makes it pleasurable to a subset of individuals." āĀ Dr. Scott Russo,Ā Mount Sinai HospitalĀ (published in Nature)Ā [1]
And where does bullying come from? Science says itās mostly genetic:
Here is landmark research from Kingās College London.
Researchers found that, of the two influences being studied, genes were the most important factor influencing which children became victims and bullies: genetic influences explained 73% of childrenās risk for being a victim and 61% of their risk for being a bully.Ā
Here is the evidence. Evidence supports the hypothesis that yes, pure bullies enjoy power and dominance when someone else is hurt. Yes, they enjoy hurting you. Yes, people like that make up the majority of what we define as pure bullying.
Bukowski, Buhrmester, and Underwood (2011) observed that adolescents who are bullies typically target youth who do not have friends and are socially withdrawn, making them unlikely to retaliate.
And can you make anyone a bully? Also no.
Human Aggression Across the Lifespan: Genetic Propensities and Environmental Moderators
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3696520/
Findings from these G Ć E studies suggest that not all individuals will be affected to the same degree by experiences and exposures, and that genetic predispositions may have different effects depending on the environment.
Meaning: āTraumaā will not affect all individuals equally. Those who are inclined to violence who are exposed to violence will perpetrate violence.
Individual differences explain differences in aggression within the same environment:
Although we are unaware of any twin or adoption studies of aggression induced in authoritative situations such as in the Milgram or Stanford Prison studies, the vast evidence for genetic influences in most forms of aggression that have been studied could suggest that individual differences in those early studies might have stemmed in part from different genetic propensities in their subjects.
From another paper:
Twelve percent of children were severely bullied as victims, 13% were frequent bullies, and 2.5% were heavily involved as bully-victims.Ā Genetic factors accounted for 73% of the variation in victimisation and 61% of the variation in bullying, with the remainder explained by environmental factors not shared between the twins. The covariation between victim and bully roles (rā=ā.25), which characterises bully-victims, was accounted for by genetic factors only. Some genetic factors influenced both victimisation and bullying, although there were also genetic factors specific to each social role.
What does the bold bit mean?
It means that genetic factors will exert significant effects, over and above environmental factors- not that 73 percent of all cases are solely genetic, but that genetics has a very large role to play.
I hope that if you are also someone who is genuinely autistic and was bullied too, this post helps you.
I remember how they genuinely found it amusing to watch me cry, as a kid, and the science totally vindicates that was not just random.
Bullies have low affective empathy. They do not care about your pain.
Evidence
Consistent with existing literature, we found that low affective empathy was a significant predictor of bullying perpetration at follow-up (Odds Ratios (OR) = 0.60, 95% CI [0.45, 0.81], p < 0.001), but so was low cognitive empathy (OR = 0.73, 95% CI [0.56, 0.95], p < 0.001).Ā
We also found that both high affective (OR = 1.34, 95% CI [1.23, 1.47], p < 0.001) and cognitive (OR = 1.33, 95% CI [1.23, 1.44], p < 0.001) empathy predicted later victimisation.
What this paper is saying is that those who bully others typically:Ā
Donāt understand your feelingsĀ
Donāt feel for you when they hurt you
This is what ālow affective empathyā means. It has significant heritability and strong genetic components.Ā
What it also says:
People who are bullied by others (those who are victimised) typically
Understand othersā feelings very well and empathise with them
Typically donāt hurt others as they have empathy/compassion.
And what about autism itself and empathy?
The literature shows that the myth that autistic people lack empathy is largely a myth. Autistics according to research done at Sheffield Hallam University display overwhelmingly high levels of sensitivity and hyper empathy.
The literature also links autism with higher receptivity to justice for innocent victims.
Have you ever heard of the scientific term HSP?
It stands for highly sensitive person and there is considerable overlap between HSP and high affective and cognitive empathy.
The scaleās overlap with autism (many autistics are also HSP) debunks the notion kids like us lack empathy. HSP has been shown to correlate with high affective, cognitive empathy and also lower emotional detachment. Itās a really awesome scale, I recommend you look it up. The original scale was derived by Aron et al. in the 2000ās and is a really empowering scale, includes questions like āI find I am really empatheticā, āI like animalsā (to my memory) and much more.
The scale includes several items, such as
I avoid violence in films
I cry easily
I worry excessively
I care about the feelings of others
HSP individuals report being:Ā
ā¦more sensitive than others to caffeine, pain, violent TV, loud noise, and hunger as well as being more conscientious, having a rich inner lifeā¦
The literature behind what entails the sub facets of SPS is explicit.Ā
SPS is characterised by four specific aspects: 1) greater depth of processing (i.e., the tendency to process information more deeply), 2) overstimulation (i.e., the proclivity to be easily overstimulated), 3) emotional reactivity (i.e., stronger emotional reactions to experiences, and in social contexts, greater empathy, so this aspect needed dividing), and 4) sensitivity to subtle stimuli (i.e., heightened sensory sensitivity)āsummarised by the acronym DOES (Aron, 2010; Aron et al., 2012).
Lower gestational age has been shown to be a predictor of higher sensitivity, as measured by the HSP scale. In other words, those born extremely prematurely are more likely toĀ
The study below highlights this point.Ā
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0092656623000326
Early life adversity tends to foster higher adult sensory processing sensitivity. · Adversity is reflected in shorter gestational age⦠at p < 0.005.
Perhaps owing to higher sensitivity and responsiveness to feelings, those with higher SPS are also more likely to care about topics encircling these themes, like bullying and victimisation.Ā
Ā the intervention appeared to significantly lower bullying and victimisation. However, when subdividing participants in the intervention condition by sensitivity levels, the children high in SPS (especially boys) primarily accounted for this finding. Low sensitivity children demonstrated no significant reduction in bullying or victimisation.Ā
For both studies, it is speculated that highly sensitive individuals were able to deeply process, and thus better internalise, the content of the intervention, explaining the more pronounced effectsā¦
Research shows connections between SPS (the construct measured by the HSP scale) and personality characteristics.Ā
Higher SPS has been associated with higher cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and lower emotional detachment:Ā
Laros-van Gorkom BAP, Damatac CG, Stevelmans I and Greven CU (2025) Relationships of sensory processing sensitivity with creativity and empathy in an adult sample. Front. Psychol. 15:1465407. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1465407
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1465407/full
Furthermore, higher SPS total and AES scores were associated with more overall empathy (SPS: β = 0.428, pfdr < 0.001; AES: β = 0.373, pfdr < 0.001), affective empathy (SPS: β = 0.507, pfdr < 0.001; AES: β = 0.331, pfdr < 0.001), cognitive empathy (SPS: β = 0.2692, pfdr < 0.001; AES: β = 0.347, pfdr < 0.001), and less emotional disconnection (SPS: β = 0.234, pfdr β 0.001; AES: β = 0.210, pfdr β 0.001).Ā
Most associations remained significant after controlling for openness to experience, and the other SPS components of ease of excitation and low sensory threshold and gender, age, and education.
Scientifically, not all cases of violence exist because theyāre hurt, wounded or traumatised. And similarly, autistic high sensitivity has biological foundations.
Some people get thrills out of hurting others and they do so without remorse.
If the people who bullied my best friend Vihaan were on here, this is what they would say:
I bullied a special needs, autistic, 25 week premature boy, Vihaan. Vihaan has mathematical processing difficulties and is a kind, gentle, deeply compassionate boy. I cornered him for months on end and targeted him via a calculated plan to hurt and isolate him with three other friends. We were a group of 4, and we loved hurting him. I loved hurting him, and I loved it when we beat and punched him in the stomach and on the head. He once came home crying. He came home crying basically every single day and was absolutely terrified.Ā
It makes me really upset, when people say āoh itās just because of their traumaā, when it clearly is not just ābecauseā of their trauma. Itās an insult to so many people on here who I also know relate to being the small quiet kind boy in class who never hurt anyone, despite being abused or bullied.
Anyone else feel the same?