Long post, TLDRs in bold throughout. Theres a longer sub FAQ, this is just my personal short version.
Went to Japan in the middle of cherry blossom season 2026, mix of Golden Route and secondary places. I am NOT claiming to be some authoritative source, I just want to help noobs worrying about the same stuff I did. Also, if any Japanese natives read this and strongly disagree with something, I promise I didn’t mean to offend you, feel free to chime in. I’m just a tourist speaking to other tourists.
Things I am assuming: this is your first trip to Japan, you can speak English, you cannot speak Japanese, you’re going either to the Golden Route or medium sized towns (not some 400 person village in Saga or smth).
1) Do I need to know Japanese?
TL;DR No, just learn “arigato gozaimasu”, “sumimasen”, “konnichiwa/konbanwa”. Most places you are going as a tourist will be used to English and know at least a little. Menus have pictures and arabic numerals. For asking a question, type it into Google Translate, give an apologetic “sumimasen…” (Excuse me), and show them the phone screen. They will understand. Besides that, just “arigato gozaimasu” (thank you) or “konnichiwa/konbanwa” (hello (daytime)/good evening) will be more than enough to be polite. Caveat: do not EXPECT English. Service workers will most likely know it, but on the chance one doesn’t: too bad. Don’t be offended, don’t be demanding about it.
Your experience won't be miserable or reduced for not knowing Japanese. If you want to learn Japanese, go for it, but you will not learn enough Japanese 2 months before your trip to be having conversations or be self-sufficient.
2) How do trains and tickets work??
TLDR Go with the flow. After the first few times, it will all feel like 2nd nature. This will SEEM a little daunting at first, especially if you’re not used to efficient public transport. Yes, your first train out of NRT or HND will seem confusing. All you really need to do is, upon landing, get a SUICA card (Easily locateable dw) and load it. Ticket machines basically always have an English option. If landing in Narita, you can go to the Express or Skyliner info booths to have someone explain it to you. You’ll figure it out, trust me. After that, for your first 1-3 shinkansen or metro lines, maybe get to the station early to allow for mistakes, but there will be clear and obvious signs in English. Relax, you will figure it out surprisingly quick.
3) How much should I budget everyday??
TLDR Impossible to say, depends on you. 5-10k yen for comfort, NOT COUNTING hotels. Really depends what you plan to be doing. A day in Shibuya will run you a lot more than a quiet afternoon in Hiroshima. So the numbers in the TLDR are completely arbitrary. Me personally? I went in cherry blossom season, half on the Golden Route and half off it, I told myself 14k yen per day and that was MORE than enough, if you exclude serious souvenir shopping. I could eat where i wanted, get drinks, buy necessities, pay taxis. But 5k-10k is a fine ballpark for anyone eating at normal places and taking public transport with 1 or 2 simple taxis.
4) Which side of the escalator do I stand in? Which direction is the sidewalk?
TLDR Just do what you see others around you doing, and more importantly MOVE OUT of the way. Yeah you can google the answer for the escalator thing but honestly, anytime you’re not sure what to do in Japan, you can just look to see what locals are doing… do that. More important thing that i did learn: MOVE OUT OF THE WAY. Seriously, don’t stumble and bumble in the middle of a busy walkway, don’t suddenly stop to check your phone when everyone is speedwalking to a train, etc. If you’re slow or need to stop, get to the side of the walkway.
5) Is credit card okay? Do I need cash?
TLDR 99% of places in tourist or major cities accept card. Still, always have like 5-10k cash on you. This isn’t 2005 anymore, almost everywhere in Japan takes card. From Tokyo to Miyajima to Toyama, the ONLY places that didn’t accept card during my trip were SOME food stalls in the street (duh) and like… one udon place near the station in Himeji. That’s it. Every other place did. Still, have some cash on you just in case. Use Japan’s extensive ATM networks, or even just bring some cash to an exchange shop.
6) I don’t want to seem rude! What are things to avoid??
-Being loud in general. If you think you’re speaking normally, you’re probably still too loud.
-Calls/music out loud in transport. NEVER unless someone’s about to die.
-Filming/photographing people without their consent. Obviously crowd shots or background are fine, but if their face is clearly visible, don’t.
-Eat while walking. This one will be contentious, some tell you it’s fine… I will say that in my experience, I never once saw a local eating while walking, only tourists. I asked one local one time, he told me it’s still seen as pretty rude. YMMV, I say just don’t.
-Sitting on the ground outside. Again, YMMV, but it’s still seen as pretty culturally rude. Find an actual place for sitting, or just stand.
-Tipping. Don’t. Period. Besides THE MOST luxury western restaurants or hotels or Tokyo, don’t.
-Stopping in the middle of a busy street for a photo of something. No.
-Throwing trash on the street. Cutting in line. Should be obvious.
-Street “mario kart”. Miserable, annoying to locals, total ripoff. Also, nearly 75% of animal cafes are not remotely ethical.
My bonus final tip: Don’t fret too much about “authenticitymaxxing” Japan. Sushi from the chain place is real Japan. Visiting Meiji-jingu is real Japan. Going to the Shibuya Pokemon Center is real Japan. I’ve seen a few people nitpick about how they want to avoid all popular things on their first trip or something because they think it’s “not real”. I think that’s needlessly cynical. To quote the most overused phrase: Japan is a place where tradition, modernity, nature, commercialism, all mix together. A hike through a trail in Kyushu and a night out in Shinjuku are both fun and valid approaches.
If any other tourists preparing to travel soon have a question that a solo traveller like myself might be able to answer, feel free to ask. Except itineraries, I’m not doing that.