The Sun used to have no sun spots for a long period of time! ☀️

Astrophysicist Erika Hamden explains this phenomenon from 400 years ago called the Maunder Minimum. Normally the Sun follows 11-year cycles, peaking with lots of sunspots, solar activity, and coronal mass ejections before calming down at the trough. Scientists still don’t know why some cycles are more active than others, so this quiet period is one clue to what drives the solar cycle.

This project is part of IF/THEN®, an initiative of Lyda Hill Philanthropies.

Meteors are about to burst into our atmosphere at 41 miles per second! 🌠

The Orionid meteor shower peaks overnight October 21 and 22, and moves so fast that it leaves glowing trails. Active from October 2 to November 7 and visible from both hemispheres, the Orionids are best seen in the wee hours before dawn!

Meteors are about to burst into our atmosphere at 41 miles per second! 🌠

The Orionid meteor shower peaks overnight October 21 and 22, and moves so fast that it leaves glowing trails. Active from October 2 to November 7 and visible from both hemispheres, the Orionids are best seen in the wee hours before dawn!

We’ve discovered more than 6,000 planets orbiting other stars, but we haven’t found another Earth.

Astrophysicist Erika Hamden explains that finding a planet is very different from finding a place we could survive. Some have no solid surface to stand on. Others are too hot or too cold and even a rocky planet could have an atmosphere we can’t breathe. For now, Earth is the only home we know.

This project is part of IF/THEN®, an initiative of Lyda Hill Philanthropies.

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What does AI see when it looks at the stars? 🤖🔭🧪

Theoretical cosmologist Paul Sutter explores how AI tools can co-discover with scientists and take part in the scientific process. A large language model can process the same telescope data we do, from images of Saturn’s rings to a live telescope feed, but what happens between input and output remains a mystery. Asking what AI sees is really asking about our own relationship with the wider universe.

A black hole is a region in space with gravity so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape.

Event Horizon: The invisible outer boundary. Anything that crosses this point cannot return.

Singularity: The center point where all the star's mass is crushed into an infinitely small space with extreme density.

Accretion Disk: A bright, hot ring of gas and dust that often swirls around the outside of a black hole.

Vídeo curto em português sobre cinco exoplanetas: Kepler-16b, TrES-2b, os planetas de PSR B1257+12, HD 189733 b e WASP-12b.

O caso do título é WASP-12b. Ele completa uma órbita em cerca de 1,1 dia e fica tão perto da estrela que sua atmosfera está sendo arrancada. “Devorado” é uma forma de resumir essa perda de gás, não uma colisão instantânea. A NASA explica o processo aqui: https://science.nasa.gov/resource/its-a-star-eat-planet-world/

As imagens são ilustrativas: há animações e artes de NASA/ESA, além de cenas criadas ou animadas com IA, conforme os créditos na descrição do vídeo.

Qual desses mundos vocês acham mais interessante de estudar, e por quê?

Criei o ZinumFive no YouTube há poucos dias. Se gostarem do vídeo e puderem dar uma força ao canal, vou ficar muito feliz. Comentários, sugestões e correções também ajudam bastante. Obrigado!

For English-speaking readers: this Portuguese Short covers five extreme exoplanets. WASP-12b is losing atmospheric gas to its star; the visuals are illustrations, including AI-assisted scenes. Which of these worlds would you most like to study?

I run WAIT… What’s The Story? This short summary uses original crew recordings to introduce NASA’s preliminary lunar science report, published on 7 October, about observations made during the April flyby. The report is new; the flight recordings are from April.

NASA’s full coverage: https://science.nasa.gov/feature/artemis-ii-preliminary-lunar-science-report/

Which would you like to understand better: how impact flashes are identified, lunar geology, or the view of Earth from the Moon?

Why could people read a newspaper outdoors at 2 a.m. in 1859? Why is the Sun's atmosphere hundreds of times hotter than its surface? Why does our Sun stay so steady while its twin stars flicker? And why does it go quiet right before its most violent eruptions?

If that silence started tonight, how much warning would we get?

✨La inmensidad del espacio desde el piso hasta nuestro satelite natural! 🌌🚀

(Post Escrito en español)

The Draconid meteor shower is active for one night only: October 8th to 9th! 🌠

Most years you can see up to 10 meteors per hour, but rates can spike without warning to as many as 600 per hour, as seen in 2011 and 2018. Unlike most meteor showers, the Draconids peak in the evening instead of after midnight and are visible across the Northern Hemisphere and northern parts of the Southern Hemisphere. Find a spot away from bright lights, give your eyes time to adjust, and look up!

Disclosure: this is a Portuguese-language video from the Dr. Silvana channel. It explores what would be needed for people to live on the Moon; it is a hypothetical scenario, not a mission proposal. Which practical constraint would you want a follow-up to examine first: water, life support, power, or resupply?

This is an illustrated science explainer from our channel, aspace, using the Moon’s sudden disappearance as a thought experiment. The visuals are stylized and include AI-generated imagery.

A useful distinction when thinking about this scenario is that removing the Moon would not remove the Sun’s gravity: solar tides would still exist. It also helps to distinguish an immediate change in the night sky from effects that would develop over much longer timescales.

The full video is about 6 minutes. What aspect of a Moon-less Earth would you most want a follow-up to explain?

Did Perseverance find evidence of past life on Mars last year? 🦠

The rover discovered very specific minerals on the rim of a Martian crater. On Earth, those minerals are biosignatures, or evidence of life. We can't say for sure it's a Mars biosignature, because non-biological processes can make these minerals too. However, those processes leave other evidence in the rocks that we're not seeing. That means our best explanation right now is past Martian biology.

How do you measure the magnetic field of a planet 63 light-years away?

Imagine trying to learn something about a distant world without being able to visit it, photograph its magnetic field, or place an instrument on its surface.

That is what makes the recent radio detection associated with Beta Pictoris b so interesting.

Using the MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa, researchers detected radio emission associated with this young giant planet beyond our Solar System.

But detecting a signal is only the beginning. The really interesting part is working out what produced it.

The researchers found several clues:

🪐 The source: The radio emission was localised to Beta Pictoris b rather than simply being attributed to its host star.

📡 The signal: The observations showed rapidly varying bursts, persistent emission and strong circular polarization.

🧲 The inference: The researchers interpret the emission as auroral radio emission. Under that interpretation, the highest detected frequency suggests a magnetic field of at least about 1.25 kilogauss at the emission region ( massive compared to earth with around 1 G and Jupiter 4 to 13 G) .

In other words, the radio waves may be telling us about something we cannot directly see.

Why does that matter for the search for habitable worlds?

A planet's magnetic environment is one factor scientists investigate when studying how a planet interacts with its star and how its atmosphere might evolve. It cannot tell us by itself whether a planet supports life, but it could eventually become another useful measurement when comparing distant worlds.

Beta Pictoris b is a giant planet, not a newly discovered habitable world. The potential significance is the technique—and what astronomers might learn by applying similar methods to other planets.

What do you think is the biggest challenge in identifying potentially habitable planets from so far away: detecting their atmospheres, understanding their stars, or measuring properties such as magnetic fields?

Rock killed all the dino. what's next? are we going to be wiped out by next covid or ai? I put some thoughts making this video. lmk what you think.

Lapse earth’s rotation.

Is intelligent life harder to make than regular life? 🌱

Theoretical cosmologist Paul Sutter points to our one data point, Earth, where life appeared basically as soon as the planet cooled down, and maybe even a little before. Then it took 4 billion years for intelligent life to show up. So if we find evidence of life on another planet, it's probably going to be bacteria, or alien bacteria.

Why is your head aging faster than your feet? Why is there no single "now" anywhere in the universe? Why does the equation written for the whole universe have no time in it?

The moon has a new once-in-a-century crater! 🌕

McGetchin crater is the largest new crater ever seen anywhere in the solar system, stretching almost 730 feet wide and 140 feet deep after an asteroid or comet the size of a 3-6 story building smacked into the lunar surface between April and May of 2024. Impacts this big are estimated to happen only about every 130 years, making this fresh crater a rare chance to study one up close with spacecraft like the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.