Hey everyone!
A while ago, I shared the first version of my TYPE-2 Synthesizer project. The goal was to build a studio-quality DSP audio engine using just an ESP32-S3 and some cheap components .
The feedback was amazing, but many of you pointed out that building it on a breadboard with capacitive copper tape and dozens of jumper wires was a bit of a nightmare for stability and I2S audio noise.
So I decided to go pro and designed a dedicated motherboard PCB in KiCad!
Everything is still 100% open-source (C++ source, KiCad files, and Gerbers are all up). You can find the full repo here:
https://github.com/Alxdreee/TYPE-2
I routed a 2-layer board that eliminates all jumper wires. It embeds the touch-sensing pads directly into the layout and provides a rock-solid ground plane for the PCM5102A DAC, completely isolating the audio out from the high-frequency digital noise of the ESP32.
(Fabrication note: These prototype printed circuit boards were manufactured by PCBWay, which is now sponsoring the project! The quality of the screen printing and the conductive traces proved to be flawless for this type of sensitive I2C routing.).
Thanks to the ESP32-S3’s native USB-OTG port, the synth is now a plug-and-play MIDI device. Even better: I wrote a Python bridge that lets you stream the 16-bit/44.1kHz raw PCM audio directly over USB to your PC speakers !
I swapped the old Moog ladder filter for a much more stable trapezoidal State Variable Filter (SVF) that handles extreme resonance without blowing up the DSP core. You can now save and load your custom patches (filter cutoff, overdrive, delay, analog slop) directly into the ESP32’s non-volatile memory via a dedicated OLED menu. Core 1 is still strictly locked to the DSP audio loop running at 44.1 kHz, while Core 0 handles the I2C OLED grid animations and the MPR121 capacitive touch pooling without causing a single audio dropout.
If you want to build one yourself, you can either grab the Gerber files and solder the modules onto the PCB, or stick to the good old breadboard prototype (I kept the wiring diagrams updated in the repo).
I’ve also updated the full step-by-step build guide on Instructables:
https://www.instructables.com/DIY-35-Polyphonic-Synthesizer-the-TYPE-2/
Let me know what you think of the new board and features! I’m still planning to design a 3D-printed enclosure next.