Non-Chemist here (so bare with me) what is charge, how does it work and how does positive and negative charge come about (mainly how do subatomic particles be charged

Molten rock may carry an oxygen reserve that standard chemical calculations overlook. High-pressure experiments show that basaltic melts exposed to oxygen-rich conditions can retain substantial extra oxygen, potentially adding a missing component to models of Earth’s interior.

The study in National Science Review combines laboratory measurements with atomic-scale simulations. Yanhao Lin and Ho-Kwang Mao of the Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, known as HPSTAR, led the work with collaborators. The team included Haiyang Niu of Northwestern Polytechnical University and Wim van Westrenen of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, with Yongjiang Xu as first author.

The results raise a larger possibility: some rising magmas could transfer oxidizing power from deep reservoirs toward the surface. Establishing that capacity, however, is different from demonstrating how much oxygen natural magmas actually carry or release.

I purchased an Ecolox Tech Eco One hypochlorous acid generator in 2020, when all disinfectants were sold out for months.

I’ve been using it for years without any noticeable issues. However, I just read today that you can accidentally create chlorine gas with one of these machines.

I’m scared now, lol. I was homeschooled, and my parent just didn’t teach chemistry at all. I don’t know ANYTHING about chemistry, and I’ve been puttering around with this potentially dangerous machine for years in complete ignorance. I follow the instructions and go about my merry way, lol.

Could you guys please help me understand how I can continue to use this machine safely? And could you tell me what I should avoid doing?

I always use the same recipe:

0.5 Liter of water
1 gram of fine kosher salt
0.5 teaspoon of white vinegar

Run the machine for 8 minutes. The light comes on and the machine and liquid inside heats up a little bit (is that okay?) and bubbles and then shuts off automatically.

I then pour the liquid into a spray bottle, rinse the machine and let air dry.

This is supposed to create 200 ppm of hypochlorous acid. I’ve never used any test strips, but it smells and feels like my Avenova spray (which is a weaker hypochlorous acid for my eyelids) so I just assumed that the machine is doing its job.

I clearly remember watching it about a year or less ago but forgot the exact title and channel name, it was one of the smaller ones I think. Not sure if it got deleted or I just cant find it, if you remember it please give some info.

PDF: https://www.immaterialscience.org/2026/electronprices or from r/ImmaterialScience

Here i have regular old graphite (its secretly carbonium, the unknown 23rd allotrope after buckyballium), vitreous carbon which looks so strange, and diamonds (my favourite, because who doesnt love diamonds. Its really odd how these 3 completely different things are made up of the same stuff

Tengo dificultades para estabilizar el tamaño de particula en una formulación SC durante la estabilidad acelerada. Estoy trabajando con dos activos, uno de la familia de piridiniletilbenzamidas y otro de triazoles. En 500 g/L.