Was at a museum and saw a few interesting pieces was curious what that lmg on the right is

Wilhelm Collath horizontal pinfire system developed in 1860s, exact date isn't known in Frankfurt an Oder.

Concept for its time is both advanced and brilliant in its simplicity, essentially a "evolution missing link" between Lefaucheux pinfire system and modern centerfire.

Small pin in channel that rested in a percussion cap (separated with layer of compressed paper to avoid accidental detonation and holding pin in the shell) half an inch into the case base made from compressed paper and reinforced with iron head.

The wider centerfire hammer (photo No. 5 show Collath system shotgun) would hit the pin which knocked it into the cap to set it off. The reasoning was to make the ignition travel backwards first so that it would have a little more time to burn the powder before building up the pressure to propel the shot. This allowed for less burning powder to travel down the barrel.

Compared to other early self-contained cartridges, it had fairly inexpensive and not complicated production scheme suited for mass production and seems like better reliability by protecting gunpowder and percussion cap from moisture as they are perfectly isolated from environment and more mechanically reliable and more safe for user compared to its biggest competitor, Lefaucheux system as pin is inside of shell, not sticking out.

He also came up with his own size numbering system. They roughly equate like this:

• 0 -> 10g
• 1 -> 12g
• 3 -> 14g
• 4 -> 16g
• 5 -> 18g
• 6 -> 20g
• 7 -> 24g
• 8 -> 28g

My guessing "No. 2" shell was probably 13 gauge (sic!) shell originating from muzzleloading era shotguns measures but was removed from ammo offering due to low demand but "hole" in Collath size numbering system was left to avoid further confusion.

Collath system stay in production until 1930s both as blackpowder (green colored shells) and smokeless (red colored shells) loadings.

Collath odd revival in 2025 - Or taking step back for legal reason

Last photo show reproduction of Collath system shotgun made by gunsmith Wacław Cichy in Poland as a "breech-loading, black-powder, separate-loading" shotgun. Due to local gun law replicas of separate loading black-powder firearms made prior to 1885 are available without permit.

Cichy Idea how to made it avalaible without permit?

• Gun made prior to 1885 - He take Collath breechloading shotgun from 1860s/1870s
• Black powder - Self-explanatory
• Separate loading - Ammo can't be self-contained. Cichy removed pin and percussion cap from original Collath shell and pin channel is filled with fine gunpowder while ignition start as in conventional caplock so his breechloading reproduction fulfill being "separate loading" gun.

"Collath-Cichy Shotgun Shell" being reduced to shot, paper and blackpowder also don't need metal head for extraction, so cartridge rim is cardboard disk glued at the bottom so they are combustible.

Not many of these around. Bought at an auction in the UK. Chat gbt says that 89 were built and this one is the 3rd one made. Unfortunatly this one has been deactivated but will make a nice wall hanger

The Kongsberg M/75A Junior .22 LR is an exceptionally rare Norwegian rimfire bolt-action rifle.

Produced by the historic Kongsberg Våpenfabrikk for civilian target shooters, its extreme rarity is backed by official production archives:

• Total Production: Only 89 units were ever manufactured.

• Production Years: It was built across a very short window between 1959 and 1960.

• Serial Number Range: Authenticated models carry serial numbers ranging strictly from 2001 to 2089.

Because they were produced in such a tiny batch for the domestic Scandinavian market, surviving examples are prized collector's items. If you are looking at an authentic M/75A Junior within that serial number block, you are holding a piece of Norwegian firearms history.

The QSB-11 entered into service in 2011. It is loaded with four rounds of 5.8mm DVC-05 suppressed pistol cartridges. On one side of the hand stopper, there is a notch that serves as sights and two muzzles for each bullets on each side of the blade. The trigger is a button located at the thumb position. While not shown in video, the sheath can apparently be combined with the dagger to create a pair of scissors that can cut through 3mm of steel wire.

The PLA states this dagger is able to launch a decisive strike in a very short time, and serves as the last measure for recon troops to launch an ambush and self-defence.